Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracInstall


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Timestamp:
06/19/17 12:36:48 (8 years ago)
Author:
trac (IP: 127.0.0.1)
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  • TracInstall

    v1 v2  
    1 = Trac Installation Guide for 0.11 =
     1= Trac Installation Guide for 1.1
    22[[TracGuideToc]]
    33
    4 
    5 Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
    6 
    7 What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac and its requirements. While you can find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at TracInstallPlatforms on the main Trac site, please be sure to '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
    8 
    9 See TracUpgrade for instructions on how to upgrade an existing installation.
    10 
    11 
    12 == Quick Install a Released Version ==
    13 For a quick install, first make sure you have [http://python.org/download Python] (2.3-2.6) and [http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall#installing-easy-install easy_install].
    14 
    15 Then enter (''omitting 'sudo' if not applicable'')
    16 {{{
    17 sudo easy_install Trac
    18 }}}
    19 to install Trac, SQLite, and Genshi.
    20 
    21 
    22 == Requirements ==
    23 The hardware requirements for running Trac obviously depend on the expected data volume (number of wiki pages, tickets, revisions) and traffic. Very small projects will run fine with a 500MHz processor and 128MB RAM using SQLite. In general, the more RAM, the better. A fast hard disk also helps.
    24 
     4Trac is written in the Python programming language and needs a database, [http://sqlite.org/ SQLite], [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], or [http://mysql.com/ MySQL]. For HTML rendering, Trac uses the [http://genshi.edgewall.org Genshi] templating system.
     5
     6Trac can also be localized, and there is probably a translation available in your language. If you want to use the Trac interface in other languages, then make sure you have installed the optional package [#OtherPythonPackages Babel]. Pay attention to the extra steps for localization support in the [#InstallingTrac Installing Trac] section below. Lacking Babel, you will only get the default English version.
     7
     8If you're interested in contributing new translations for other languages or enhancing the existing translations, then please have a look at [trac:wiki:TracL10N TracL10N].
     9
     10What follows are generic instructions for installing and setting up Trac. While you may find instructions for installing Trac on specific systems at [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], please '''first read through these general instructions''' to get a good understanding of the tasks involved.
     11
     12[[PageOutline(2-3,Installation Steps,inline)]]
     13
     14== Dependencies
     15=== Mandatory Dependencies
    2516To install Trac, the following software packages must be installed:
    2617
    27  * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >=2.3 (<3.0)
    28    * if using mod_python together with xml-related things, use python-2.5. expat is namespaced there and does not cause apache to crash any more(see [http://www.dscpl.com.au/wiki/ModPython/Articles/ExpatCausingApacheCrash here] for details).
    29    * For RPM-based systems you might also need the `python-devel` and `python-xml` packages.
    30    * See instructions in [trac:wiki:TracOnWindows/Python2.5 TracOnWindows/Python2.5]
    31  * [wiki:setuptools], version >= 0.6
    32  * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.5 (was version >= 0.4.1 on previous 0.11 release candidates)
    33  * You also need a database system and the corresponding python drivers for it.
    34    The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
    35  * Optional if some plugins require it: [http://www.clearsilver.net/ ClearSilver]
    36 
    37 ==== For SQLite ====
    38 
    39 If you're using Python 2.5 or 2.6, you already have everything you need.
    40 
    41 If you're using Python 2.3 or 2.4 and need pysqlite, you can download from
    42 [http://code.google.com/p/pysqlite/downloads/list google code] the Windows
    43 installers or the tar.gz archive for building from source:
    44 {{{
    45 $ tar xvfz <version>.tar.gz
    46 $ cd <version>
    47 $ python setup.py build_static install
    48 }}}
    49  
    50 That way, the latest SQLite version will be downloaded and built into the
    51 bindings.
    52 
    53 If you're still using SQLite 2.x, you'll need pysqlite 1.0.x, although this
    54 package is not easy to find anymore. For SQLite 3.x, try not to use
    55 pysqlite 1.1.x, which has been deprecated in favor of pysqlite 2.x.
    56 
    57 See additional information in [trac:PySqlite PySqlite].
    58 
    59 ==== For PostgreSQL ====
    60 
    61  * [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL]
    62  * [http://initd.org/projects/psycopg2 psycopg2]
    63  * See [trac:wiki:DatabaseBackend#Postgresql DatabaseBackend]
    64 
    65 '''Warning''': PostgreSQL 8.3 uses a strict type checking mechanism. To use Trac with the 8.3 Version of PostgreSQL, you will need [http://trac.edgewall.org/changeset/6512 trac-0.11] or later.
    66 
    67 ==== For MySQL ====
    68 
    69  * [http://mysql.com/ MySQL], version 4.1 or later ([http://askmonty.org/wiki/index.php/MariaDB MariaDB] might work as well)
    70  * [http://sf.net/projects/mysql-python MySQLdb], version 1.2.1 or later
    71 
    72 See [trac:MySqlDb MySqlDb] for more detailed information.
    73 It is ''very'' important to read carefully that page before creating the database.
    74 
    75 == Optional Requirements ==
    76 
    77 ==== Version Control System ====
    78 
    79 '''Please note:''' if using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently not supported (although Windows UNC paths such as {{{\\machine_name\path\to\svn}}} do work).
    80 
    81  * [http://subversion.tigris.org/ Subversion], version >= 1.0. (versions recommended: 1.2.4, 1.3.2 or 1.4.2) and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings. For troubleshooting, check [trac:TracSubversion TracSubversion]
    82    * Trac uses the [http://svnbook.red-bean.com/svnbook-1.1/ch08s02.html#svn-ch-8-sect-2.3 SWIG] bindings included in the Subversion distribution, '''not''' [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN] (which is sometimes confused with the standard SWIG bindings).
    83    * If Subversion was already installed without the SWIG bindings, on Unix you'll need to re-`configure` Subversion and `make swig-py`, `make install-swig-py`.
    84    * There are [http://subversion.tigris.org/servlets/ProjectDocumentList?folderID=91 pre-compiled bindings] available for win32.
    85  * Support for other version control systems is provided via third-parties. See [trac:PluginList PluginList] and [trac:VersioningSystemBackend VersioningSystemBackend].
    86 
    87 ==== Web Server ====
    88  * A CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), or
    89  * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi), or
    90  * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp]), or
    91  * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/ mod_wsgi] (see [wiki:TracModWSGI] or http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac) or
    92     * This should work with Apache 1.3, 2.0 or 2.2 and promises to deliver more performance than using mod_python. A little less mature than mod_python.
    93  * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with [http://www.modpython.org/ mod_python 3.1.3+] (see TracModPython)
    94     * When installing mod_python the development versions of Python and Apache are required (actually the libraries and header files)
    95 
    96 For those stuck with Apache 1.3, it is also possible to get Trac working with [http://www.modpython.org/ mod_python 2.7] (see [trac:wiki:TracModPython2.7 TracModPython2.7]). This guide hasn't been updated since 0.84, so it may or may not work.
    97 
    98 ==== Other Python Utilities ====
    99  * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9 for WikiRestructuredText.
    100  * [http://pygments.pocoo.org Pygments] for '''syntax highlighting''', although [http://silvercity.sourceforge.net/ SilverCity] >= 0.9.7 and/or [http://gnu.org/software/enscript/enscript.html GNU Enscript] are also possible. Refer to TracSyntaxColoring for details.
    101  * [http://pytz.sf.net pytz] to get a complete list of time zones, otherwise Trac will fall back on a shorter list from an internal time zone implementation.
    102 
    103 '''Attention''': The various available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangable, so please pay attention to the version numbers above. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel IrcChannel].
    104 
    105 Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing'' (there are even some pages that are still talking about Trac 0.8!).
    106 
    107 == Installing Trac ==
    108 
    109 One way to install Trac is using `setuptools`.
    110 With setuptools you can install Trac from the subversion repository; for example,
    111 to install release version 0.11 do:
    112 {{{
    113 easy_install http://svn.edgewall.org/repos/trac/tags/trac-0.11
    114 }}}
    115 
    116 But of course the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works:
    117 {{{
     18 * [http://www.python.org/ Python], version >= 2.6 and < 3.0
     19   (note that we dropped the support for Python 2.5 in this release)
     20 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools], version >= 0.6
     21 * [http://genshi.edgewall.org/wiki/Download Genshi], version >= 0.6
     22
     23You also need a database system and the corresponding python bindings. The database can be either SQLite, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
     24
     25==== For the SQLite database #ForSQLite
     26
     27As you must be using Python 2.6 or 2.7, you already have the SQLite database bindings bundled with the standard distribution of Python (the `sqlite3` module).
     28
     29Optionally, you may install a newer version of [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/pysqlite pysqlite] than the one provided by the Python distribution. See [trac:PySqlite#ThePysqlite2bindings PySqlite] for details.
     30
     31==== For the PostgreSQL database #ForPostgreSQL
     32
     33You need to install the database and its Python bindings:
     34 * [http://www.postgresql.org/ PostgreSQL], version 8.0 or later
     35 * [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/psycopg2 psycopg2], version 2.0 or later
     36
     37See [trac:DatabaseBackend#Postgresql DatabaseBackend] for details.
     38
     39==== For the MySQL database #ForMySQL
     40
     41Trac works well with MySQL, provided you follow the guidelines:
     42
     43 * [http://mysql.com/ MySQL], version 5.0 or later
     44 * [http://sf.net/projects/mysql-python MySQLdb], version 1.2.2 or later
     45
     46Given the caveats and known issues surrounding MySQL, read carefully the [trac:MySqlDb] page before creating the database.
     47
     48=== Optional Dependencies
     49
     50==== Subversion
     51
     52[http://subversion.apache.org/ Subversion], 1.6.x or later and the '''''corresponding''''' Python bindings.
     53
     54There are [http://subversion.apache.org/packages.html pre-compiled SWIG bindings] available for various platforms. (Good luck finding precompiled SWIG bindings for any Windows package at that listing. [trac:TracSubversion] points you to [http://alagazam.net Alagazam], which works for me under Python 2.6.)
     55
     56For troubleshooting information, see the [trac:TracSubversion#Troubleshooting TracSubversion] page.
     57
     58{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     59**Note:**
     60* Trac '''doesn't''' use [http://pysvn.tigris.org/ PySVN], nor does it work yet with the newer `ctype`-style bindings.
     61* If using Subversion, Trac must be installed on the '''same machine'''. Remote repositories are currently [trac:ticket:493 not supported].
     62}}}
     63
     64==== Git
     65
     66[http://git-scm.com/ Git] 1.5.6 or later is supported. More information is available on the [trac:TracGit] page.
     67
     68==== Other Version Control Systems
     69
     70Support for other version control systems is provided via third-party plugins. See [trac:PluginList#VersionControlSystems] and [trac:VersionControlSystem].
     71
     72==== Web Server
     73A web server is optional because Trac is shipped with a server included, see the [#RunningtheStandaloneServer Running the Standalone Server] section below.
     74
     75Alternatively you can configure Trac to run in any of the following environments:
     76 * [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] with
     77   - [https://github.com/GrahamDumpleton/mod_wsgi mod_wsgi], see [wiki:TracModWSGI] and
     78     [http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/IntegrationWithTrac ModWSGI IntegrationWithTrac].
     79   - [http://modpython.org/ mod_python 3.5.0], see TracModPython
     80 * a [http://www.fastcgi.com/ FastCGI]-capable web server (see TracFastCgi)
     81 * an [http://tomcat.apache.org/connectors-doc/ajp/ajpv13a.html AJP]-capable web
     82   server (see [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp TracOnWindowsIisAjp])
     83 * Microsoft IIS with FastCGI and a FastCGI-to-WSGI gateway (see [trac:CookBook/Installation/TracOnWindowsIisWfastcgi IIS with FastCGI])
     84 * a CGI-capable web server (see TracCgi), '''but usage of Trac as a cgi script
     85   is highly discouraged''', better use one of the previous options.
     86   
     87
     88==== Other Python Packages
     89
     90 * [http://babel.edgewall.org Babel], version 0.9.6 or >= 1.3,
     91   needed for localization support
     92 * [http://docutils.sourceforge.net/ docutils], version >= 0.3.9
     93   for WikiRestructuredText.
     94 * [http://pygments.org Pygments] for
     95   [TracSyntaxColoring syntax highlighting].
     96 * [http://pytz.sf.net pytz] to get a complete list of time zones,
     97   otherwise Trac will fall back on a shorter list from
     98   an internal time zone implementation.
     99
     100{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     101**Attention**: The available versions of these dependencies are not necessarily interchangeable, so please pay attention to the version numbers. If you are having trouble getting Trac to work, please double-check all the dependencies before asking for help on the [trac:MailingList] or [trac:IrcChannel].
     102}}}
     103
     104Please refer to the documentation of these packages to find out how they are best installed. In addition, most of the [trac:TracInstallPlatforms platform-specific instructions] also describe the installation of the dependencies. Keep in mind however that the information there ''probably concern older versions of Trac than the one you're installing''.
     105
     106== Installing Trac
     107
     108The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [TracStandalone tracd] standalone server are installed along with Trac. There are several methods for installing Trac.
     109
     110It is assumed throughout this guide that you have elevated permissions as the `root` user or by prefixing commands with `sudo`. The umask `0002` should be used for a typical installation on a Unix-based platform.
     111
     112=== Using `easy_install`
     113Trac can be installed from PyPI or the Subversion repository using [http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools setuptools].
     114
     115A few examples:
     116
     117 - Install the latest stable version of Trac:
     118 {{{#!sh
     119$ easy_install Trac
     120}}}
     121 - Install latest development version:
     122 {{{#!sh
     123$ easy_install http://download.edgewall.org/trac/Trac-latest-dev.tar.gz
     124}}}
     125   Note that in this case you won't have the possibility to run a localized version of Trac;
     126   either use a released version or install from source
     127
     128More information can be found on the [trac:wiki:setuptools setuptools] page.
     129
     130{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     131**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation. More information may be found in [#DeployingTrac Deploying Trac].
     132}}}
     133
     134=== Using `pip`
     135'pip' is an easy_install replacement that is very useful to quickly install python packages.
     136To get a Trac installation up and running in less than 5 minutes:
     137
     138Assuming you want to have your entire pip installation in `/opt/user/trac`
     139
     140 -
     141 {{{#!sh
     142pip install trac psycopg2
     143}}}
     144or
     145 -
     146 {{{#!sh
     147pip install trac mysql-python
     148}}}
     149
     150Make sure your OS specific headers are available for pip to automatically build PostgreSQL (`libpq-dev`) or MySQL (`libmysqlclient-dev`) bindings.
     151
     152pip will automatically resolve all dependencies (like Genshi, pygments, etc.), download the latest packages from pypi.python.org and create a self contained installation in `/opt/user/trac`.
     153
     154All commands (`tracd`, `trac-admin`) are available in `/opt/user/trac/bin`. This can also be leveraged for `mod_python` (using `PythonHandler` directive) and `mod_wsgi` (using `WSGIDaemonProcess` directive)
     155
     156Additionally, you can install several Trac plugins (listed [https://pypi.python.org/pypi?:action=browse&show=all&c=516 here]) through pip.
     157
     158=== From source
     159Using the python-typical setup at the top of the source directory also works. You can obtain the source for a .tar.gz or .zip file corresponding to a release (e.g. `Trac-1.0.tar.gz`) from the [trac:TracDownload] page, or you can get the source directly from the repository. See [trac:TracRepositories#OfficialSubversionrepository TracRepositories] for details.
     160
     161{{{#!sh
    118162$ python ./setup.py install
    119163}}}
    120164
    121 ''Note: you'll need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
    122 
    123 This will byte-compile the python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
    124 of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as htdocs and templates.
    125 
    126 The script will also install the [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command-line tool, used to create and maintain [wiki:TracEnvironment project environments], as well as the [wiki:TracStandalone tracd] standalone server.
    127 
    128 ==== Advanced Options ====
     165''You will need root permissions or equivalent for this step.''
     166
     167This will byte-compile the Python source code and install it as an .egg file or folder in the `site-packages` directory
     168of your Python installation. The .egg will also contain all other resources needed by standard Trac, such as `htdocs` and `templates`.
     169
     170If you install from source and want to make Trac available in other languages, make sure Babel is installed. Only then, perform the `install` (or simply redo the `install` once again afterwards if you realize Babel was not yet installed):
     171{{{#!sh
     172$ python ./setup.py install
     173}}}
     174Alternatively, you can run `bdist_egg` and copy the .egg from `dist/` to the place of your choice, or you can create a Windows installer (`bdist_wininst`).
     175
     176=== Using installer
     177
     178On Windows, Trac can be installed using the exe installers available on the [trac:TracDownload] page. Installers are available for the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of Python. Make sure to use the installer that matches the architecture of your Python installation.
     179
     180=== Using package manager
     181
     182Trac may be available in your platform's package repository. Note however, that the version provided by your package manager may not be the latest release.
     183
     184=== Advanced `easy_install` Options
    129185
    130186To install Trac to a custom location, or find out about other advanced installation options, run:
    131 {{{
     187{{{#!sh
    132188easy_install --help
    133189}}}
    134190
    135 Also see [http://docs.python.org/inst/inst.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
     191Also see [http://docs.python.org/2/install/index.html Installing Python Modules] for detailed information.
    136192
    137193Specifically, you might be interested in:
    138 {{{
     194{{{#!sh
    139195easy_install --prefix=/path/to/installdir
    140196}}}
    141 or, if installing Trac to a Mac OS X system:
    142 {{{
    143 easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages
    144 }}}
    145 
    146 The above will place your `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands into `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
    147 
    148 == Creating a Project Environment ==
    149 
    150 A [wiki:TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend storage where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is basically a directory that contains a human-readable configuration file and various other files and directories.
    151 
    152 A new environment is created using [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin]:
    153 {{{
     197or, if installing Trac on a Mac OS X system:
     198{{{#!sh
     199easy_install --prefix=/usr/local --install-dir=/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages
     200}}}
     201
     202{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     203**Mac OS X Note:** On Mac OS X 10.6,  running `easy_install trac` will install into `/usr/local` and `/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages` by default.
     204
     205The `tracd` and `trac-admin` commands will be placed in `/usr/local/bin` and will install the Trac libraries and dependencies into `/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages`, which is Apple's preferred location for third-party Python application installations.
     206}}}
     207
     208== Creating a Project Environment
     209
     210A [TracEnvironment Trac environment] is the backend where Trac stores information like wiki pages, tickets, reports, settings, etc. An environment is a directory that contains a human-readable [TracIni configuration file], and other files and directories.
     211
     212A new environment is created using [TracAdmin trac-admin]:
     213{{{#!sh
    154214$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject initenv
    155215}}}
    156216
    157 [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] will prompt you for the information it needs to create the environment, such as the name of the project, the type and the path to an existing [wiki:TracEnvironment#SourceCodeRepository source code repository], the [wiki:TracEnvironment#DatabaseConnectionStrings database connection string], and so on. If you're not sure what to specify for one of these options, just leave it blank to use the default value. The database connection string in particular will always work as long as you have SQLite installed. Leaving the path to the source code repository empty will disable any functionality related to version control, but you can always add that back when the basic system is running.
    158 
    159 Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later by directly editing the [wiki:TracIni] configuration file.
    160 
    161 ''Note: The user account under which the web server runs will require write permissions to the environment directory and all the files inside.  On Linux, with the web server running as user apache and group apache, enter:''
    162 
    163   chown -R apache.apache /path/to/myproject
    164 
    165 == Running the Standalone Server ==
    166 
    167 After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [wiki:TracStandalone tracd]:
    168 {{{
     217[TracAdmin trac-admin] will prompt you for the information it needs to create the environment: the name of the project and the [TracEnvironment#DatabaseConnectionStrings database connection string]. If you're not sure what to specify for any of these options, just press `<Enter>` to use the default value.
     218
     219Using the default database connection string will always work as long as you have SQLite installed. For the other [trac:DatabaseBackend database backends] you should plan ahead and already have a database ready to use at this point.
     220
     221Also note that the values you specify here can be changed later using TracAdmin or directly editing the [TracIni conf/trac.ini] configuration file.
     222
     223{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     224**Filesystem Warning:** When selecting the location of your environment, make sure that the filesystem on which the environment directory resides supports sub-second timestamps (i.e. **not** `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX), as the modification time of the `conf/trac.ini` file will be monitored to decide whether an environment restart is needed or not. A too coarse-grained timestamp resolution may result in inconsistencies in Trac < 1.0.2. The best advice is to opt for a platform with sub-second timestamp resolution, regardless of the Trac version.
     225}}}
     226
     227Finally, make sure the user account under which the web front-end runs will have '''write permissions''' to the environment directory and all the files inside. This will be the case if you run `trac-admin ... initenv` as this user. If not, you should set the correct user afterwards. For example on Linux, with the web server running as user `apache` and group `apache`, enter:
     228{{{#!sh
     229$ chown -R apache:apache /path/to/myproject
     230}}}
     231
     232The actual username and groupname of the apache server may not be exactly `apache`, and are specified in the Apache configuration file by the directives `User` and `Group` (if Apache `httpd` is what you use).
     233
     234{{{#!div class=important
     235'''Warning:''' Please only use ASCII-characters for account name and project path, unicode characters are not supported there.
     236}}}
     237
     238== Deploying Trac
     239
     240{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em"
     241**Setuptools Warning:** If the version of your setuptools is in the range 5.4 through 5.6, the environment variable `PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS` must be set in order to avoid significant performance degradation.
     242
     243If running `tracd`, the environment variable can be set system-wide or for just the user that runs the `tracd` process. There are several ways to accomplish this in addition to what is discussed here, and depending on the distribution of your OS.
     244
     245To be effective system-wide a shell script with the `export` statement may be added to `/etc/profile.d`. To be effective for a user session the `export` statement may be added to `~/.profile`.
     246{{{#!sh
     247export PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1
     248}}}
     249
     250Alternatively, the variable can be set in the shell before executing `tracd`:
     251{{{#!sh
     252$ PKG_RESOURCES_CACHE_ZIP_MANIFESTS=1 tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
     253}}}
     254
     255If running the Apache web server, !Ubuntu/Debian users should add the `export` statement to `/etc/apache2/envvars`. !RedHat/CentOS/Fedora should can add the `export` statement to `/etc/sysconfig/httpd`.
     256}}}
     257
     258=== Running the Standalone Server
     259
     260After having created a Trac environment, you can easily try the web interface by running the standalone server [TracStandalone tracd]:
     261{{{#!sh
    169262$ tracd --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    170263}}}
    171264
    172 Then, fire up a browser and visit `http://localhost:8000/`. You should get a simple listing of all environments that tracd knows about. Follow the link to the environment you just created, and you should see Trac in action. If you only plan on managing a single project with trac you can have the standalone server skip the environment list by starting it like this:
    173 {{{
     265Then, fire up a browser and visit `http://localhost:8000/`. You should get a simple listing of all environments that `tracd` knows about. Follow the link to the environment you just created, and you should see Trac in action. If you only plan on managing a single project with Trac you can have the standalone server skip the environment list by starting it like this:
     266{{{#!sh
    174267$ tracd -s --port 8000 /path/to/myproject
    175268}}}
    176269
    177 == Running Trac on a Web Server ==
    178 
    179 Trac provides three options for connecting to a "real" web server: [wiki:TracCgi CGI], [wiki:TracFastCgi FastCGI] and [wiki:TracModPython mod_python]. For decent performance, it is recommended that you use either FastCGI or mod_python.
    180 
    181 If you're not afraid of running newer code, you can also try running Trac on [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi]. This should deliver even better performance than mod_python, but the module isn't as extensively tested as mod_python.
    182 
    183 Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS.
    184 
    185 ==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory ====
    186 
    187 In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI or mod_python, you need to have a trac.cgi file. This is an executable which loads the appropriate Python code. It can be generated using the `deploy` option of [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin].
    188 
    189 There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
    190 {{{
     270=== Running Trac on a Web Server
     271
     272Trac provides various options for connecting to a "real" web server:
     273 - [TracFastCgi FastCGI]
     274 - [wiki:TracModWSGI Apache with mod_wsgi]
     275 - [TracModPython Apache with mod_python]
     276 - //[TracCgi CGI] (should not be used, as the performance is far from optimal)//
     277
     278Trac also supports [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp AJP] which may be your choice if you want to connect to IIS. Other deployment scenarios are possible: [trac:TracNginxRecipe nginx], [http://projects.unbit.it/uwsgi/wiki/Example#Traconapacheinasub-uri uwsgi], [trac:TracOnWindowsIisIsapi Isapi-wsgi] etc.
     279
     280==== Generating the Trac cgi-bin directory #cgi-bin
     281
     282In order for Trac to function properly with FastCGI you need to have a `trac.fcgi` file and for mod_wsgi a `trac.wsgi` file. These are Python scripts which load the appropriate Python code. They can be generated using the `deploy` option of [TracAdmin trac-admin].
     283
     284There is, however, a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem. The [TracAdmin trac-admin] command requires an existing environment to function, but complains if the deploy directory already exists. This is a problem, because environments are often stored in a subdirectory of the deploy. The solution is to do something like this:
     285{{{#!sh
    191286mkdir -p /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project
    192287trac-admin /usr/share/trac/projects/my-project initenv
    … …  
    194289mv /tmp/deploy/* /usr/share/trac
    195290}}}
    196 
    197 ==== Setting up the Plugin Cache ====
    198 
    199 Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the PYTHON_EGG_CACHE environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions.
    200 
    201 == Configuring Authentication ==
    202 
    203 The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac. The basic procedure is described in the [wiki:TracCgi#AddingAuthentication "Adding Authentication"] section on the TracCgi page. To learn how to setup authentication for the frontend you're using, please refer to one of the following pages:
    204 
    205  * TracStandalone if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
    206  * TracCgi if you use the CGI or FastCGI methods.
    207  * TracModPython if you use the mod_python method.
    208 
    209 == Automatic reference to the SVN changesets in Trac tickets ==
    210 
    211 You can configure SVN to automatically add a reference to the changeset into the ticket comments, whenever files are committed to the repository. The description of the commit needs to contain one of the following formulas:
    212  * '''Refs #123''' - to reference this changeset in #123 ticket
    213  * '''Fixes #123''' - to reference this changeset and close #123 ticket with the default status ''fixed''
    214 
    215 All you have to do is to edit the ''post-commit'' hook in your SVN repository and make it execute ''trac-post-commit-hook'' coming with Trac.
    216 
    217 If you are editing the ''post-commit'' hook for the first time you need to navigate to your SVN repository's hooks subfolder and rename existing there ''post-commit'' template:
    218 
    219 {{{
    220 $ cd /path/to/svn/repository/hooks
    221 $ mv post-commit.tmpl post-commit
    222 $ chmod 755 post-commit
    223 }}}
    224 
    225 Next open it in any text editor and add a line with path to the Trac environment connected with this SVN repository and another line executing the ''trac-post-commit-hook'' script:
    226 
    227 {{{
    228 REPOS="$1"
    229 REV="$2"
    230 TRAC_ENV="/path/to/your/trac/project"
    231 
    232 /usr/bin/python /usr/local/bin/trac-post-commit-hook -p "$TRAC_ENV" -r "$REV"
    233 }}}
    234 
    235 Make sure that ''trac-post-commit-hook'' exists in above path with execution permissions for the same user which SVN is running from. This script can be found in contrib subfolder of your Trac distribution and the latest version can be always downloaded from [source:trunk/contrib/trac-post-commit-hook].
    236 
    237 
    238 == Platform-specifics installations ==
    239 
    240  * See [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms]
    241  
    242 
    243 == Using Trac ==
    244 
    245 Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to browse your subversion repository, create tickets, view the timeline, etc.
    246 
    247 Keep in mind that anonymous (not logged in) users can by default access most but not all of the features. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [wiki:TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
     291Don't forget to check that the web server has the execution right on scripts in the `/usr/share/trac/cgi-bin` directory.
     292
     293==== Mapping Static Resources
     294
     295Without additional configuration, Trac will handle requests for static resources such as stylesheets and images. For anything other than a TracStandalone deployment, this is not optimal as the web server can be set up to directly serve the static resources. For CGI setup, this is '''highly undesirable''' as it causes abysmal performance.
     296
     297Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create //Aliases// to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect their location on the file system. We can map requests for static resources directly to directories on the file system, to avoid Trac processing the requests.
     298
     299There are two primary URL paths for static resources: `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources, usually accessible at the `/chrome/<plugin>` path.
     300
     301A single `/chrome` alias can used if the static resources are extracted for all plugins. This means that the `deploy` command must be executed after installing or updating a plugin that provides static resources, or after modifying resources in the `$env/htdocs` directory. This is probably appropriate for most installations but may not be what you want if, for example, you wish to upload plugins through the //Plugins// administration page.
     302
     303The resources are extracted using the [TracAdmin trac-admin]` <environment> deploy` command:
     304[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
     305
     306The target `<directory>` will contain an `htdocs` directory with:
     307 - `common/` - the static resources of Trac
     308 - `site/` - a copy of the environment's `htdocs/` directory
     309 - `shared` - the static resources shared by multiple Trac environments, with a location defined by the `[inherit]` `htdocs_dir` option
     310 - `<plugin>/` - one directory for each resource directory provided by the plugins enabled for this environment
     311
     312The example that follows will create a single `/chrome` alias. If that isn't the correct approach for your installation you simply need to create more specific aliases:
     313{{{#!apache
     314Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
     315Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
     316Alias /trac/chrome/shared /path/to/trac/htdocs/shared
     317Alias /trac/chrome/<plugin> /path/to/trac/htdocs/<plugin>
     318}}}
     319
     320===== Example: Apache and `ScriptAlias` #ScriptAlias-example
     321
     322Assuming the deployment has been done this way:
     323{{{#!sh
     324$ trac-admin /var/trac/env deploy /path/to/shared/trac
     325}}}
     326
     327Add the following snippet to Apache configuration, changing paths to match your deployment. The snippet must be placed ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` directive, because those directives map all requests to the Trac application:
     328{{{#!apache
     329Alias /trac/chrome /path/to/trac/htdocs
     330
     331<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
     332  # For Apache 2.2
     333  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     334    Order allow,deny
     335    Allow from all
     336  </IfModule>
     337  # For Apache 2.4
     338  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     339    Require all granted
     340  </IfModule>
     341</Directory>
     342}}}
     343
     344If using mod_python, add this too, otherwise the alias will be ignored:
     345{{{#!apache
     346<Location "/trac/chrome/common">
     347  SetHandler None
     348</Location>
     349}}}
     350
     351Alternatively, if you wish to serve static resources directly from your project's `htdocs` directory rather than the location to which the files are extracted with the `deploy` command, you can configure Apache to serve those resources. Again, put this ''before'' the `ScriptAlias` or `WSGIScriptAlias` for the .*cgi scripts, and adjust names and locations to match your installation:
     352{{{#!apache
     353Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
     354
     355<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
     356  # For Apache 2.2
     357  <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
     358    Order allow,deny
     359    Allow from all
     360  </IfModule>
     361  # For Apache 2.4
     362  <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
     363    Require all granted
     364  </IfModule>
     365</Directory>
     366}}}
     367
     368Another alternative to aliasing `/trac/chrome/common` is having Trac generate direct links for those static resources (and only those), using the [[TracIni#trac-section| [trac] htdocs_location]] configuration setting:
     369{{{#!ini
     370[trac]
     371htdocs_location = http://static.example.org/trac-common/
     372}}}
     373
     374Note that this makes it easy to have a dedicated domain serve those static resources, preferentially cookie-less.
     375
     376Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs/common` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
     377{{{#!sh
     378$ ln -s /path/to/trac/htdocs/common /var/www/static.example.org/trac-common
     379}}}
     380
     381==== Setting up the Plugin Cache
     382
     383Some Python plugins need to be extracted to a cache directory. By default the cache resides in the home directory of the current user. When running Trac on a Web Server as a dedicated user (which is highly recommended) who has no home directory, this might prevent the plugins from starting. To override the cache location you can set the `PYTHON_EGG_CACHE` environment variable. Refer to your server documentation for detailed instructions on how to set environment variables.
     384
     385== Configuring Authentication
     386
     387Trac uses HTTP authentication. You'll need to configure your webserver to request authentication when the `.../login` URL is hit (the virtual path of the "login" button). Trac will automatically pick the `REMOTE_USER` variable up after you provide your credentials. Therefore, all user management goes through your web server configuration. Please consult the documentation of your web server for more info.
     388
     389The process of adding, removing, and configuring user accounts for authentication depends on the specific way you run Trac.
     390
     391Please refer to one of the following sections:
     392 * TracStandalone#UsingAuthentication if you use the standalone server, `tracd`.
     393 * [wiki:TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication TracModWSGI#ConfiguringAuthentication] if you use the Apache web server, with any of its front end: `mod_wsgi`, `mod_python`, `mod_fcgi` or `mod_fastcgi`.
     394 * TracFastCgi if you're using another web server with FCGI support (Cherokee, Lighttpd, !LiteSpeed, nginx)
     395
     396[trac:TracAuthenticationIntroduction] also contains some useful information for beginners.
     397
     398== Granting admin rights to the admin user
     399Grant admin rights to user admin:
     400{{{#!sh
     401$ trac-admin /path/to/myproject permission add admin TRAC_ADMIN
     402}}}
     403
     404This user will have an //Admin// navigation item that directs to pages for administering your Trac project.
     405
     406== Configuring Trac
     407
     408TracRepositoryAdmin provides information on configuring version control repositories for your project.
     409
     410== Using Trac
     411
     412Once you have your Trac site up and running, you should be able to create tickets, view the timeline, browse your version control repository if configured, etc.
     413
     414Keep in mind that //anonymous// (not logged in) users can by default access only a few of the features, in particular they will have a read-only access to the resources. You will need to configure authentication and grant additional [TracPermissions permissions] to authenticated users to see the full set of features.
    248415
    249416'' Enjoy! ''
    … …  
    252419
    253420----
    254 See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracCgi, TracFastCgi, TracModPython, [wiki:TracModWSGI], TracUpgrade, TracPermissions
    255 
     421See also: [trac:TracInstallPlatforms TracInstallPlatforms], TracGuide, TracUpgrade, TracPermissions